Plumb-level.



Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

J. B. M OM-AHAL.

PLUMB LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 30, 1908.

1|: :l: 1/|| Inllll ||1 ||l ||1|||| all lll 1|! l|| lll ze g @Ww/5 @dUNITED STATES PATENT QEEICE.

JAMES E. lVIcIVIAI-IAL, OF HOMELAND, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0WILLIAM H. THOMPSON, OF HOMELAND, GEORGIA.

PLUME-LEVEL.

Application filed October 30, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES E. MOMAHAL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Homeland, in the county of Charlton and State of Georgia,have invented new and useful Improvements in Plumb-Levels, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to plumb levels of the type employed in thetruing of walls and other portions of buildings, and has for its objectsto provide a comparatively simple, inexpensive device of this characterwhich may be readily employed for use as either a plumb or level, onewhereby the foundation of a building may be accurately laid in anydesired direction, and one wherein the operation of plumbing andleveling a wall may be conveniently and accurately accomplished.

With these and other objects in view the invention comprises the novelfeatures of construction and combination of parts more fully hereinafterdescribed.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of aninstrument enr bodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view in sideelevation of the plumb. Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on the line 3 3of Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. v

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the body of the instrument ofthe usual or any appropriate material and preferably of the form shownhaving at its longitudinal center a transverse circular opening 2 inwhich is fitted a pair of relatively spaced dial members or plates 3 and4 provided respectively with degree marks or graduations 5' and 6, therebeing suspended between the dial plates a V-shaped, oscillatory memberor pendulum 7 provided at its lower end with a weight 8 and at the upperend of its arms with horizontal bearing trunnions 9 journaled insuitable bearing openings provided centrally in the dial plates, whileformed on the trunnions 9 are horizontal staffs 10 to which are fixedpointers 11, 12, designed for movement respectively over the dials.

Countersunk into the normally upper edge of the body 1 and in line withthe vertical axis of the dial 3 is a compass 13 of usual constructionhaving a needle 14 and a glass or other transparent cover 15, whilefixed at appropriate points to the sides of the body 1 are grip piecesor plates 16 pro- Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

Serial No. 460,270.

vided with finger-receiving openings or recesses 17, there beingextended along one side of the body and preferably at its normally upperedge a scale 18 graduated in inches and fractions thereof.

In practice, when the instrument is cmployed as a level, it is arrangedas usual in a horizontal position upon the wall or other surface to betrued and the levelness of the surface determined by the pointer 11acting in .conjunction with the dial 5, while the pointer 12, which isset at right angles and in fixed relation to the pointer 11, is broughtinto play in determining the vertical plumb of the wall or surface, itbeing noted in this construction that the proper angles for raftersor'tlie like may be obtained by the movements of the pointers over theirrespective dials. In setting a wall or foundation the direction thereofmay be conveniently and accurately determined owing to the position ofthe compass 13, while the grip pieces 16 permit convenient handling ofthe instrument and obviate liability of the latter being accidentallydropped. It will be observed that owing to the peculiar formation of thependulum 7 as shown, the same may swing freely under the influence ofgravity for moving the pointers over their respective dials. It willalso be noted that the diverged members comprising the pendulum may beseparated or brought together at their free ends within certain limitsthereby adapting the trunnions 9 to the distance between the dials 3 and4 so as to prevent any possible lateral play of the pendulum which wouldmaterially impair the accuracy and eiciency of the instrument. Collars18 are formed at the inner ends of the trunnions 9 and engage with thedials 3 and 4 and limit the movement thereof as also forming stops toprevent any lateral play of the pendulum.

From the foregoing it is apparent that I produce a simple deviceadmirably adapted for the attainment of the ends in view, it beingunderstood 'that in attaining these ends minor changes in the detailsherein set forth may be resorted to without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim" as new is:

1. In an instrument of the character described, the combination of abody provided at opposite sides with dials having central openings, apendulum comprising diverged members provided at their free ends withoutwardly extended trunnions mounted in the openings of said dials andhaving stai's at the outer ends of said trunnions, the lower end of thependulum being weighted, and pointers attached to the outer ends of saidstaffs and cooperating with the respective dials.

2. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination of abody having an opening extended therethrough, dials fitted in oppositeends of said opening and provided with centrally disposed openings, apendulum arranged in the space formed between said dials and comprisingdiverged members weighted at their lower ends and having trunnions attheir upper ends mounted in the openings of the dials and formed withstaffs at the outer ends of the trunnions, and having collars at thebases of said trunnions to engage with the inner walls of said dials,and pointers attached to the outer ends of said staffs and having aright angular arrangement.

In testimony whereof I, aiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

s JAMES E. MGMAHAL. Witnesses:

L. M. YARBER, WM. CHAFFEE.

